The Cycle of Nursing Theory Essay Example for Free

The Cycle of Nursing Theory EssayNursing cannot exist without theory, and the concepts that define those principles. Every intervention a arrest organizes is base off of theory, and revolves directly around the forbearing. The current practice wasting diseased as a Registered care for in the emergency room setting is similar, that less(prenominal) complicated than that of an Advanced Practice Nurse Practitioner.Emergency room nurses firstly ask the uncomplaining what their chief complaint is upon arrival. The chief complaint labels the tolerant grapheme, and gives them a triage level based on the amount of resources compulsory to intervene. The chief complaint (or illness) is the nurses focus of his/her practice. The nurse also jams into consideration the need to educate the unhurried and his or her suffer readiness to larn. All of these factors help r apiece the goal of making the longanimous feel better and regain wellness. Below is a amaze of how nurses in the emergency room revolve directly around the tolerant. Figure 1.1 Emergency Room Registered Nurse Conceptual Framework Making the decision to use this framework of treat and theory helps organize the nurse and prioritize his/her actions. Without knowing the chief complaint, the nurse cannot treat. Furthermore, the nurse essential ask the long-suffering the reasoning for his confabulate in the emergency room today. Often, tolerants have many symptoms regarding their illness nurses must prioritize which symptoms are most concerning, and ask the patient what his b separateing him/her the most (i.e. headache versus hoarseness of breath). After learning what the patient has arrived for, the nurse must start matching entropy that relates to the patients chief complaint. For example, if the patient presents with shortness of breath, it is important to gather selective information such as oxygen saturation, respiratory rate and effort, lung auscultation, presence of cough, and obser ving patient color. In addition to objective data, it is important to gather inhering data.This case of data includes patientsymptoms, health history, and social history (such as smoking). Next, the nurse will implement her plan of care and intervene by providing adjuvant oxygen, if needed, elevate head of bed, and encourage the patient to breathe slowly if breathing appears to be labored or fast. After each intervention, the nurse must valuate the patient to see if his/her interventions worked if not, the plan of care must be changed to ameliorate patient status. Subsequently, the nurse must take into account the need to educate the patient and his/her ability and readiness to learn. If a patient is not ready to learn, it makes it difficult to for the nurse to teach and help reach the over only goal of restoring health. This cycle continues each succession the patient selects ill the nurse always forms her plan of care around the patient. For example, if a patient is mentally handicapped, the nurse might direct her upbringing towards the patients caregiver to ensure the patient has the greatest success of reaching health. This conceptual framework is applicable to emergency room nurses practice because it is a constant cycle, organized, direct, and patient-foc apply. In the emergency room setting, it is vital that nurses are able to prioritize and organize symptoms and data. If a nurse forgets to obtain an oxygen saturation (in the data section), this can be life-threatening to the shortness of breath patientFurthermore, nursing interventions are always tailored around the initial chief complaint and data gathered. It is a cycle that starts over each time a patient presents with an illness. Even though this framework is frequently utilized, there are many areas in which it could improve. What about a patients environment, social stability, and bodys response to the illness? In addition, there are no interrelationships noted on this model. There are many ways this framework could improve, be more in depth, and help reach goals by learning about other nursing theories and theorists. Nursing theorist Myra Estrin Levine goes into great depth on the relationships between nurse and patient, and the holistic view on healthcare. Levine had many roles as a nurse and was wellspring educated additionally, her views on nursing are broad and theoretical. Levine defined three major concepts of the Conservation Model, including (1) wholeness, (2) adaptation, and (3) conservation (Alligood Tomey, 2010, p. 227). The current model shown in Figure 1.1 does not take into account the patient as a whole it only takes into account particular partsof the patient and current complaints/ailments. The current theory used by emergency room nurses (as justifyed above) could be greatly improved by understanding Levines major concepts, and how much environment alone can submit patients.This portion of the metaparadigm is defined as an organismic response so mething nurses learn in anatomy and physiology classes, but often is forgotten when they begin practicing (Alligood Tomey, 2010, p. 228). This type of response is our involuntary nervous system telling the body to have a fight or flight response. This fight or flight response to deform, illnesses, and a patients consciousness of what is happening around him/her can induce this response. Fight or flight can augment or decrease ones heart rate, blood pressure, anxiety, and/or stress. This response is different in all persons, and can vary greatly depending on a persons previous(prenominal) experiences and if they feel a threat actually exists (Alligood Tomey, 2010, p. 228). Other than the holistic approach to healthcare, Levine understood the importance of a nurse and patient relationship. Whether or not nurses and patients dupe it, they are constantly utilizing Levines conservation models. When taking care of several patients, nurses need to conserve on energy so that they do not get tired quickly. Often, things such as IV trays or kits are used to make it easier for nurses to conserve on energy (walk less) and complete tasks efficiently. In addition, when patients are sick, they must conserve on energy and rest so that the human body can fight off an illness. Conservations alike(p) this and of many different types are needed for both the nurse and patient. The conservation of geomorphologic uprightness and personal integrity are utilized within each nurse and patient interaction. When a patient has a massive head trauma, for example, the nurse must keep his/her own personal integrity to protect the patient from increasing his/her own anxiety/stress which would utilize more energy in the patient and decrease the bodys ability to heal.The nurse might be overcome with feelings when seeing a large amount of blood, but realizes that he/she must be well-informed of his/her non-verbal cues towards the patient. Personal integrity also includes the nurse putti ng importance on patient requests such as do not resuscitate, HIPPA compliance, patient privacy, and educating the patient on procedures and interventions that are being done. With the head trauma patient, the nurse can maintain structural integrity byholding pressure on the wound to disallow further blood loss. This type of nursing intervention can be life-saving, and prevent the patient from further deterioration. Conservation of energy, structural integrity, and personal integrity are crucial in all nursing interactions. Furthermore, it is the nurses responsibility to take into account and conserve social integrity as well. Society thrives on social well-being additionally, Levine concluded that health is socially determined (Alligood Tomey, 2010, p. 229). When the nurse educates the patient in a fashion that makes the patient regain independence, this makes the patient increase personal integrity and become socially accepted in that he/she is renovation health. In society, pe ople tend to define others by their illnesses. Whether it is cancer, obesity, limb amputation, or pregnancy, society will judge a person based on those health issues moreover, the person will then be socially accepted or rejected. Part of the profession of a nurse is to help guide a patients family members and friends on how to perceive and react to that patient and his/her illness (youtube.com, 2011). Furthermore, it is important that the nurse improves a patients social integrity while in the hospital setting by proving social media and communication tools such as magazines, television, newspapers, or telephone (University of the Philippines spread out University UPOU, 2011). This can help improve a patients self-esteem, and decrease the stress illnesses can create. Understanding the nurse-patient relationship and conservation models helps the nurse and patient succeed in regaining health within a patient. Simple models such as Figure 1.1 do not include the personal feelings of a patient or nurse, and how that can partake the overall ensue of a patients health/illness.Figure 1.2 Primary care nursing that utilizes Levines concepts of Conservation Model (Alligood and Tomey, 2010, p. 227)Levines conservation model explains what the first-string care nurse has to take into account when assessing a patient (Fig 1.2). The nurse must base her care and decisions on the patient and his/her family. Figure 1.2 also helps explain the connection of a model to nursing metaparadigm the well-being, person as a whole, education, and nursing aspects. In addition, seeing thepatient as a whole helps the essential care nurse remember to look at the patients overall health. This comprehensive assessment includes clinical problems (body), psychological aspects (mind), and spiritual beliefs that may affect the plan of care. The interrelationships between wholeness, adaptation, and environment helps primary care nurses understand the bigger picture and how the advanced practice nurse can increase the outcome for the patient. modification describes the patients variables that can affect the patient as a whole, or be affected by his/her environment. For example, a patient may increase in age, quit smoking, or increase in weight these variables and/or variations in a patient can greatly change the patient and/or treatments and interventions. A patients environment must be understood both internally and externally by the medical team (Alligood Tomey, 2010, p. 227). Again, this deals with the patient as a whole and is comparable to adaptation and a holistic plan of care. Knowing the environment that the patient resides in can affect his or her own health. If the patient doesnt understand the notion that he/she is terminally ill, it may be difficult to explain the importance of a hospice program to the patient.Figure 1.3 Levines Conservation Principles and their interrelationships within a nurse and client connection (Alligood Tomey, 2010, p. 229).Levine als o understood the nurse-patient relationship and how that can affect many areas within the ill-or-well patient. In this relationship, it is intentional that nurses and patients often want to keep their integrity during any interaction. For example, a patients mother named Sarah brings her three-year-old daughter Claire in to the emergency room because Claire had a capture at home. The patient is no longer having a seizure, and has been diagnosed with seizures over 1 year ago. Claire has a prescription for anti-seizure medicine, but her mother does not feel light administering the medication instead, Sarah brings Claire directly to the emergency room with each seizure occurrence. Now, Sarah is attempting to keep her own integrity by not having to administer anti-seizure medications in her daughters rectum in such a high stress situation. In addition, she wants Claires condition to be controlled in order for her to be accepted within the community. On the other hand, the primary car e nursepractitioner must keep her personal integrity by not getting upset each time this patient visits the emergency room. It is the professionals responsibility to re-educate Sarah on the plan of care, or tailor it towards the individual and family. This would be an opportune time to discuss other options for anti-seizure medicines, education on how to administer the current medication available, and give a referral to a neurologist. When tailoring the plan of care, Levines four conservations come into effect (Fig 1.3). The patients energy is utilized with each seizure activity, and possibly structural integritydue to depletion of oxygenation to the brain and possible neuro deficits. The nurse tries to preserve personal integrity and educate the family of Claire in a way that is skilled and direct so that they may understand the concepts and accept the plan of care. Nursing interventions and education in situations like this can be life-changing, and decrease stress for the patien ts family. It is important to remember that there are always assumptions made to any nursing model, but learning from that model is what is truly essential.Assumptions made to Levines conservation theory are that nursing interventions and implementation of those interventions can affect both the ill and/or well patient. Patients do not need to be ill in order to fit within the guidelines of conservation. Most patients feel compelled to be accepted, while maintaining personal authenticity (Fawcett, Schaefer, Moore, 1991). Moreover, the environment section of the model in Figure 1.2 can be falsely understood that patients might only be able to learn in stress-free situations. Sometimes, stressful situation are where patients, families, and nurses learn best Lastly, it appears that all human beings act in the same manner, and that patients and nurses alike utilize the same processes (UPOU, 2011). This cannot be true because all patients are diverse, and so are all nurses and primary c are professionals. Nursing intervention must be founded not only on scientific knowledge, but specifically on recognition of the individuals behavioral responses (Cardwell, 2013). The response to nursing interventions and the trial and error processes are absent in the model (explained in Figure 1.2) of advanced practice nursing based on Levines theories. Advanced practice nurses are constantly intervening to improve the health and wellness of a patient however, those interventions are not always successful. Furthermore, the advanced nurse practitionermust modify her plan of care constantly. This type of framework of nursing is more of a cycle than a process. Holistic nursing is dedicated to the humanizing experience that the nurse can bring to the bedside, certain in her knowledge and skilled in her techniques, but sensitive and responsive to the person she finds there(Cardwell, 2013). In this phrase, Levine is summarizing the approach and goal of the advanced practice nurse practi tioner.Advancing from the role of a registered nurse, primary care nurse practitioners increase their competence, knowledge, and skills. This increase in knowledge helps nurse practitioners in decision making, treatment options, and educating the patient. The primary function of the nurse practitioner is to educate patients across the lifespan, and help patients maintain health. Prevention is the best intervention. Since nurse practitioners begin their careers as bedside registered nurses, advanced nurse practitioners agree with Levines holistic approach to healthcare and healing (Fawcett, Schaefer, Moore, 1991). In conclusion, primary care nurse practitioners can benefit from viewing the patient as a whole, while expending a large amount of time listening and educating the patient. No two patients, medical cases, or plan of care can be exactly the same. Nurse practitioners thrive because they spend time with their patients and getting to know their needs this helps increase patie nt success and healing. Nursing theory and the interrelationships between a patients conservation of energy, social integrity, structural integrity, and personal integrity are essential to the nurse practitioner. The increase of knowledge in the nurse practitioner helps him/her understand all aspects of the patient, and the most efficient way of approaching those patient needs. Levine once stated, Confront reality of environment, and maintain well-being (youtube.com, 2011) It is the purpose of a nurse practitioner to repugn the internal and external factors and environments distressing a patient, while providing resources and education to increase that patients health. The cycle and theories between nurses and patients will continue to transform and be challenged it is the nurse practitioners role to put those theories into practice.ReferencesAlligood, M. R., Tomey, A. M. (2010). Nursing Theorists and Their Work (7th ed.). Retrieved from Cardwell, S. (2013). Copy of Myra Levine. R etrievedfrom http//prezi.com/uths961c5swr/copy-of-myra-levine/ Fawcett, J., Schaefer, Moore, K. (1991). Levines conservation model a framework for nursing practice. Philadelphia F.A. Davis Co. University of the Philippines Open University. (2011). Nursing Theories. Retrieved from http//nursingtheories.blogspot.com/2011_07_01_archive.html You Tube. (2011). The Nurse Theorists Myra Levine Promo. Retrieved from http//www.youtube.com/watch?v=C8tJUjDDKKw